simonds



(No Model.)

A. A. SIMONDS.

PYROMETER.

No. 537,242. Patented Apr. 9, 1895.

Qwi/tmeweo v V I 1 UNITED. STATES ALVAN A. SIMONDS,

'PYROMETER.

PATENT OFFICE.

OF DAYTON,.OHIO,.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 537,242, dated April 9, l. 89t. application filed Decemher18 1894.' Serial No. 531,686. (Nomodehl To all whom it my concern:

Be it known that I, ALVA N A. SIMONDS, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomeryand State of. Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pyrometers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a'full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as -will enable others skilled in the art to-which 1t appertains to make and use the-same.

' trical elements, and B the indicator which indicates the degree of activity of the thermoelectrical elements and consequently the degree of heat applied thereto.

0 c arethe conductors connecting the thermo-electrical elements with the indicator. These conductors on leaving the elements pass into a tube dfilled with plaster of paris or likezmaterial in which they are embedded and surrounded and by which theyare insulated from each other and from the tube d.

The thermo-electricalelements which I prefer to use are platinum and an alloy of platinuin and rhodium. The short conductors a leading from these elements into the tube 11 are of platinnmlor of the same material as the elements themselves. In most cases where such pyrometers have heretofore been em ployed, platinum conductorshave to be used for a considerable distance from the elements as the heat is so great as to melt or rapidly destroy them if formed of other materials.

- This has rendered such pyrometers less efli- 'cient than desirable inasmuch as platinum possesses bntasmall conducting capacity, and

as the heat to which such conductors are sub- Jected increases their resistance, the electric action of the thermo-electrica'l elements is able to exert but little influence upon the indica tor. To avoid the effect of the heat upon the cond nctors, I employ the plaster of parts as before'stated which prevents the conduction of the heat along the wires through the insulating materiaLand further maintain these conductors at a low temperatureby a water" jacket E which surrounds the tube d. This waterfjacket is shown as extending to within a short distance of the tube-d adjacent to the thermo-electrical. elements, but it may be made to extend toward the elements as far.

as the tube (1, or to'the end otthat tube if so:

desired. I prefer to make the inlet pipe 6' extend to near the end of the jacket nearest the thermo-electrical elements and to have the same discharge near the top of the jacket. The outlet pipe e leads from the upper side of the jacket at its opposite end. 'By this means the coldest water is conducted to the end of the jacket nearest the heat or source of heat and as its gravity is greater than the water within the jacket passes downward at that point around the tube (1, thereby maintaining that part ofi the tube dat the lowest possible temperature. While this construction greatly improves the action of the pyrometer in cases where the platinum conductors are employed for a considerable distance from the elements by reason of maintaining the conductors at a lowtemperature orat upproximately their greatest conductivity,I-am f by this construction enabled to use the best possible conductors for nearly. the entire dis tance between the thermo-electrical elements and the indicator. This is also illustrated in the drawing in which the conductors an extend but a short distance into the pipe d, and

at the point of a are joined to copper 0on ductors c c which extend from this point to the indicator.

A pyrometer constructed in this manner possesses a far greater 'seusitiveness, and

range of movement and has been found to give the most satisfactory results where the prior forms of-this device have been found impracticable; I

' I do not desire to limit myself to any particular form of indicator butpret'er to employ one formed on the well known principles of the voltameter. The length of the tube d and too of the water jacket E should be such as to carry the conductorswithout the injurious ters-Patent, is-

aQti n of the em of heat to measure." i

What I claim, and desi r which it isdesired e to secure by Lets tion with indicator,

thermo-electrical elements and an of electrical connections between said elements and the. indicator and means for maintaining the said connections at a low, near the said 6161,. a point substantially without the ineat which it is de- -1 temperature from a point ments to fluence of the source 05 h sired to measure whereby the connections are maintainedat their normal conductive efi'i ciency, substantially as described.

2. In an electrical pyro'meter the combination ,with the thermo-electricalelements, and of electrical conductors com an indicator,

nectin'g the said elements and indicator, 8

heat and electrical insula rounding said conductors ting material surfrom a point near the said elements to a poi ntwithout the influence of thevs'onrce of heat/and a water jacket for said insulation the temperature of the. 00

whereby a rise in nductors to effect theirconductive capacity is avoided, substam tially as described.

In an electrical tion with indicator,

:onn'ections being embedd )aris,' and insulated "ther pyroineter the combinathermo-electrical elements and an of electric connections between- 1hem,acasingfilled withplasterof paris, said ed insaid plaster eby, and a. water said conductors their'parts and jacket surrounding said easing whereby the injnriousheatingbt the conductors is pre-.. 35 vented, substantially as described.

4'. In an electrical pyrometer the combination'witl: the thermoelectrical elements, and

an indicator, of'eleetric conductors extending rom said elements to said indicator, each 4-: conductor being'composed' or a main portion consisting of copper or other good conductor,

extending to within a short distance of the elements and a short portion of platinum or and the elements, and means for maintaining a comparatively low temperature at the poin t of junction andoutward from the said elements, substantially as describe 3 g 5. In an electrical pyrometer, the combine 50 tion with the thermo-el'ectricalelements, andan indicator, of electric conductors extending from said elements to the indicator each con- V sisting of a short portion of platinum or like, material adjacent to said elements and the-5 balance of copper, a heat and electric nonconducting insulating material surrounding at the point of junction of a water jacket for said material, substantially as described. I

In testimony whereof 'Iafliir ny signature in presence of two witnesses. I I p ALVAN A. SIMON DS. lVitnesses:

L. P. WHITAKEE, J. D. KINGSBERY.

ike, conductor connecting the main portion 45' 

